CULTURE The many New Years of Bhutan Bhutan Himalaya Editors Bhutan Himalaya Editors Facebook X (Twitter) WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link New Years festivities in Bhutan provide an annual occasion to sit with friends and family to enjoy the bounties of the season © Image from the Bhutan Himalaya archives Home > Stories > Current Page Facebook X (Twitter) WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link With thoughtful itineraries honed since 1999, we unveil the depths of Bhutan's happiness philosophy, the daily physical adventures through the beautiful Himalayan landscape complemented by the intimate and in-depth cultural experiences sensitively curated for you every day. Questions? Get in touch with us Through the eyes of a select few informed leaders we saw the dilemmas of a culture: A hitherto sheltered nation discovering the arguments for and against remaining a cloistered society in this 21st Century. I loved the adventure, and I loved the discovery. Unlike anything else I have ever experienced! Lola W., California Get similar features & travel information straight to your inbox with the Bhutan Himalaya Newsletter UNLIKE MOST COUNTRIES, Bhutan celebrates many regional and national New Year’s days throughout the year. A hearty Bhutanese breakfast of buckwheat pancakes, red rice and accompaniments of fiery chili and cheese dishes © Image from the Bhutan Himalaya archives Here’s a look at some of those Bhutanese New Year’s Day celebrations, starting with the most important one. Losar: The Main Bhutanese New Year Losar, the most widely celebrated New Year in Bhutan, typically falls in February or March, aligning with the Himalayan lunar calendar. This vibrant festival, deeply rooted in Buddhist traditions, is a time for family reunions and spiritual renewal. Preparations begin weeks in advance, with Bhutanese families engaging in thorough house cleaning to usher in good fortune for the year. During Losar, families raise colorful prayer flags to adorn their homes or nearby mountaintops or slopes, creating a festive atmosphere. It’s a common practice to make early morning visits to local temples to make offerings and seek blessings for the year. Special dishes like thukpa (noodle soups) and khapse (crispy fried bread snacks) are prepared in abundance. Families gather to share meals and exchange good wishes, strengthening their bonds with each other, and fostering a sense of community. Each New Year's festivities offer Bhutanese men the opportunity to dust off their bows and arrows to enjoy rounds of competitive archery amid bouts of celebratory drinking © Image from the Bhutan Himalaya archives Chunyipai Losar: The Traditional Offering Day Chunyipai Losar, also known as the "Traditional Day of Offering," falls on the first day of the 12th month on the Bhutanese lunar calendar. The celebration has deep historical roots, dating back to the 17th century when representatives from all regions of Bhutan would offer "buelwa" or tribute offerings to Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal, the nation’s chief unifier and architect, at the Punakha Dzong in western Bhutan. Primarily celebrated in central and eastern Bhutan, Chunyipai Losar also marks the beginning of the agricultural New Year. Traditional rituals and prayers are performed to ensure a bountiful harvest and prosperity in the coming year, and it’s a time when the government and the monastic administration announce their new promotions and appointments for various ranking officers, signifying new beginnings in both the spiritual and administrative realms. The Chunyipai Losar dates back to the 17th century when "buelwa" or tribute offerings were made to Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal, the nation’s chief unifier and architect. © Image from the Bhutan Himalaya archives Lomba: The Western Bhutanese New Year In the western districts of Paro and Haa, Lomba is observed as the local New Year. This unique celebration falls on the 29th day of the 9th lunar month and typically lasts for five days. One of the highlights of Lomba is the preparation of "hoentey," a special buckwheat dumpling dish that symbolizes prosperity and good fortune. During Lomba, children go door-to-door singing "Lolay, Lolay" and collecting treats in a practice reminiscent of Halloween traditions in Western countries. Families gather for feasts with lavish meals meant to display their prosperity, while young people play cards, archery, or meet outdoors with picnics and take hikes in the surrounding mountains. Nyilo, or The “Return to the Sun” Nyilo, celebrated in the Sha and Wang districts, neighboring central Bhutan, falls on the 17th day of the 11th Bhutanese calendar month. This New Year celebration coincides with the winter solstice. Rooted in ancient Bon traditions, Nyilo, means a “return to the sun.” The celebration of Nyilo reflects the diverse spiritual landscape of Bhutan, where ancient practices coexist with Buddhism. It's a time for reflection on the changing seasons and the cyclical nature of life, as well as a celebration of the return of longer days. The delicious and hearty buckwheat dumplings that's a specialty of the Haa New Year © Image from the Bhutan Himalaya archives Symbols of the country’s diversity and heritage Bhutan's multiple New Year celebrations reflect the country's rich cultural tapestry and geographic diversity. From the nationwide celebration of Losar to the regional Lomba and Nyilo festivities, each of these unique New Years events offers a unique glimpse into Bhutanese traditions, spirituality, and communal practices. As Bhutan continues to modernize, these diverse New Year celebrations serve as vital links to the country's heritage. They not only mark the passage of time but also reinforce a strong sense of community and cultural identity that defines the Bhutanese way of life. To receive similar updates in your inbox, please subscribe to our newsletter Email* Yes, subscribe me to your newsletter. Submit Swipe left above for more See our upcoming journeys Celebrating 40 years of Bhutan Foundation at the spectacular Royal Highland Festival Celebrating 40 years of Bhutan Foundation at the spectacular Royal Highland Festival Marvels & mask dances: celebrating the beauty and cultural treasures of Bhutan Cultural Treasures of Bhutan Timeless Bhutan: In the Footsteps of Monica & Fritz von Schulthess Journey to Bhutan's spectacular Royal Highland Festival & Beyond Trek to Treasure Lake, Trongsa Festival & Tiger’s Nest-3 Conservation, culture and the grand Trongsa Festival Bhutan conservation, culture, mythology & overland from western to central highlands Lodge to lodge trekking on the epic Trans Bhutan Trail Ancient Kathmandu and hidden Trisuli with optional Chitwan National Park In-depth cultural exploration of Bhutan View all journeys _________ Travel Logistics Organizer for CBS 60 Minutes 2024 special report on Bhutan “First, thank you for making my trip to Bhutan run smoothly. Second, for explaining your culture and customs to me and our team in a way that helped our 60 MINS story come alive. Third, for making the visit seriously fun!” ~ Lesley Stahl, Correspondent, CBS 60 Minutes, September 2024 Search Travel Bhutan Abundance: A summer journey DEPARTURES Blessings of Bhutan Bhutan's Jomolhari Trek Heart of Happiness Trek to Treasure Lake On the Wings of Prayer Punakha's Pageant of Warriors Bhutan in the Time of Rhododendrons SEE ALL JOURNEYS Stories Hidden Lands of Happiness SPOTLIGHT Wild Wild East: How an ancient matriarch led her people to Bhutan Our top 10 reasons why you should visit Bhutan in 2023 How the brown trout came to Bhutan's lakes and rivers The top 10 mask dances to see in Bhutan Pomp & circumstance at Bhutan's warriors festival A journey to learn about Gross National Happiness SEE ALL STORIES Us The Bhutan Himalaya Difference ABOUT US Who we are The Bhutan Himalaya Difference What our travelers say Our Team Meet our latest hires CONTACT US

CULTURE Vibrant Threads of Central Bhutan: Yathra Weaving in the Heart of the Himalayas Bhutan Himalaya Editors Bhutan Himalaya Editors Facebook X (Twitter) WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link Home > Stories > Current Page Facebook X (Twitter) WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link With thoughtful itineraries honed since 1999, we unveil the depths of Bhutan's happiness philosophy, the daily physical adventures through the beautiful Himalayan landscape complemented by the intimate and in-depth cultural experiences sensitively curated for you every day. Questions? Get in touch with us Through the eyes of a select few informed leaders we saw the dilemmas of a culture: A hitherto sheltered nation discovering the arguments for and against remaining a cloistered society in this 21st Century. I loved the adventure, and I loved the discovery. Unlike anything else I have ever experienced! Lola W., California Get similar features & travel information straight to your inbox with the Bhutan Himalaya Newsletter IN THE PICTURESQUE valleys of central Bhutan, a centuries-old tradition continues to unfold, weaving colorful stories into fabric. Yathra, a distinctive textile art unique to the Bumthang region, has become more than just a means of warmth—it's a vibrant expression of Bhutanese culture and craftsmanship. From Necessity to Artistry Yathra originated as a practical solution to the harsh Himalayan winters. The people of Bumthang used sheep, yak, and goat wool to create thick, warm fabrics that could withstand the biting cold. Over time, this utilitarian craft evolved into an intricate art form, with weavers incorporating vibrant colors and complex patterns into their designs. Today, yathra has transcended its humble beginnings. What was once used primarily for rain protection and bedding is now fashioned into a wide array of products, from stylish jackets and coats to fashionable bags and home decor items. This evolution reflects not only the adaptability of Bhutanese artisans but also the growing appreciation for this unique textile both within Bhutan and beyond its borders. The Art of Weaving The process of creating yathra is as colorful as the finished product. Weavers, predominantly women, use horizontal frame looms called "thrue tha" to bring their designs to life. The craft is typically passed down through generations, with mothers teaching their daughters from as young as eight years old. Weaving yathra is a communal activity in many villages. Women gather in groups, their looms facing each other, engaging in conversation and even singing as they work. This social aspect of weaving not only preserves the craft but also strengthens community bonds, making yathra production an integral part of Bhutanese village life. A Tapestry of Tradition and Innovation While yathra maintains its traditional roots, it's also embracing change. Modern weavers are experimenting with new patterns and color combinations, creating innovative designs that appeal to contemporary tastes. Some artisans are even incorporating imported materials alongside local wool, adapting to changing market demands while preserving the essence of yathra. Skilled weavers can earn a healthy side income weaving yathras in rural Bumthang. This economic opportunity has helped preserve the craft, encouraging younger generations to continue the tradition, with many new weavers now based in the capital and in Paro. Preserving a Cultural Heritage As Bhutan navigates the currents of modernization, yathra stands as a testament to the country's commitment to preserving its cultural heritage. Institutions like the Royal Textile Academy in Thimphu and initiatives by the Royal Government of Bhutan are working to promote and protect this indigenous craft. Yathra is more than just a colorful fabric—it's a thread that connects Bhutan's past to its present, weaving together tradition, artistry, and economic opportunity. As visitors to Bhutan discover the beauty of yathra, they take home not just a souvenir, but a piece of Bhutanese culture, handcrafted with skill and imbued with the warmth of the Himalayan spirit. To receive similar updates in your inbox, please subscribe to our newsletter Email* Yes, subscribe me to your newsletter. Submit Swipe left above for more See our upcoming journeys Celebrating 40 years of Bhutan Foundation at the spectacular Royal Highland Festival Celebrating 40 years of Bhutan Foundation at the spectacular Royal Highland Festival Marvels & mask dances: celebrating the beauty and cultural treasures of Bhutan Cultural Treasures of Bhutan Timeless Bhutan: In the Footsteps of Monica & Fritz von Schulthess Journey to Bhutan's spectacular Royal Highland Festival & Beyond Trek to Treasure Lake, Trongsa Festival & Tiger’s Nest-3 Conservation, culture and the grand Trongsa Festival Bhutan conservation, culture, mythology & overland from western to central highlands Lodge to lodge trekking on the epic Trans Bhutan Trail Ancient Kathmandu and hidden Trisuli with optional Chitwan National Park In-depth cultural exploration of Bhutan View all journeys _________ Travel Logistics Organizer for CBS 60 Minutes 2024 special report on Bhutan “First, thank you for making my trip to Bhutan run smoothly. Second, for explaining your culture and customs to me and our team in a way that helped our 60 MINS story come alive. Third, for making the visit seriously fun!” ~ Lesley Stahl, Correspondent, CBS 60 Minutes, September 2024 Search Travel Bhutan Abundance: A summer journey DEPARTURES Blessings of Bhutan Bhutan's Jomolhari Trek Heart of Happiness Trek to Treasure Lake On the Wings of Prayer Punakha's Pageant of Warriors Bhutan in the Time of Rhododendrons SEE ALL JOURNEYS Stories Hidden Lands of Happiness SPOTLIGHT Wild Wild East: How an ancient matriarch led her people to Bhutan Our top 10 reasons why you should visit Bhutan in 2023 How the brown trout came to Bhutan's lakes and rivers The top 10 mask dances to see in Bhutan Pomp & circumstance at Bhutan's warriors festival A journey to learn about Gross National Happiness SEE ALL STORIES Us The Bhutan Himalaya Difference ABOUT US Who we are The Bhutan Himalaya Difference What our travelers say Our Team Meet our latest hires CONTACT US

Short vignettes of travelers who have visited Bhutan with us over the years ... THIS MONTH'S FEATURED Travel Snapshots Meet some of our past guests: active, curious and cultural travelers. In other words, enthusiasts about the world just like you. We hope some of these snapshots will tickle your own brand of wanderlust, and inspire you to join one of our upcoming adventures! READ ABOUT OUR GUESTS More Suggested Reading FEATURE ARTICLES FOR YOUR INFORMATION INSIGHTS LEARN MORE LONG READS GOING DEEPER TRIP ARCHIVES PAST JOURNEYS

EVENTS The Grand Trongsa Tshechu Festival: Where Sacred Dances and Royal History Converge Karma Dorji, Travel Programs Coordinator, Bhutan Himalaya Expeditions Karma Dorji, Travel Programs Coordinator, Bhutan Himalaya Expeditions Facebook X (Twitter) WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link Home > Stories > Current Page Facebook X (Twitter) WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link With thoughtful itineraries honed since 1999, we unveil the depths of Bhutan's happiness philosophy, the daily physical adventures through the beautiful Himalayan landscape complemented by the intimate and in-depth cultural experiences sensitively curated for you every day. Questions? Get in touch with us Through the eyes of a select few informed leaders we saw the dilemmas of a culture: A hitherto sheltered nation discovering the arguments for and against remaining a cloistered society in this 21st Century. I loved the adventure, and I loved the discovery. Unlike anything else I have ever experienced! Lola W., California Get similar features & travel information straight to your inbox with the Bhutan Himalaya Newsletter WHIRLING LIKE A dervish, the masked dancer's flowing silks and brocades center him like the axis of a spinning top, mesmerizing the crowds. The first dancer with a fabled sea-dragon's face is followed by other fantastic beasts drawn from popular Himalayan Buddhist myths — supernatural white snow lions, dark eagle-headed gods, ancient talon-beaked ravens and wild-eyed, crimson-headed bulls signifying an ancient minotaur of legend. Such creatures populate your dreams when you die and enter the Bardo or 'intermediate state,' so say the wise elders. The dances seek to make the figures more familiar, thus transforming them from terrifying creatures into friendly guides who can help you navigate the afterlife toward a quick and favorable rebirth. We're perched high above the roaring Mangde River, pressing our way through the large crowds of colorfully dressed spectators filling the medieval cobblestone courtyards of the Trongsa Dzong. The event has an atmosphere rivaling the old religious festivals of Europe, and we're rubbing shoulders with people of all ages from no less than five great valley systems of the Bhutanese heartland. Many of them are my kin. Both my mother's and my father's ancestral lines converge on this central Bhutanese region. The ancient house and temple my forbears built in Tangbi Valley is no less than 12 miles downriver from where we stand, and my paternal grandfather was once the region's Nyerchen , the district's Chief Financial Officer, and he dispensed his duties from one of the antechambers overlooking the central courtyard with nothing more ornate than a woven rug of Tibetan origin, and a low wooden table with hand-carved dragons behind which he sat cross-legged in the traditional style. The ancient building, to me, is more than just Bhutan’s largest fortress — it’s a living chronicle of the nation’s spiritual devotion and royal legacy. And the once-yearly mask dances within its labyrinthine courtyards and towering whitewashed walls is a communal celebration that weaves together centuries of history, faith, and artistry. A Fortress Forged in Vision and Power The story of Trongsa Dzong began in 1543, when the Drukpa lama Ngagi Wangchuk, guided by the glow of a divine lamp, established a modest temple on this dramatic spur of land. Over a century later, another spiritual figure known as "The Great Unifier," Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal, recognized the site’s strategic importance and transformed it into a formidable dzong in 1647. Expanded and fortified through the centuries, Trongsa Dzong became the nerve center of Bhutan’s east-west trade and the seat of the powerful Penlops, or governors, whose control could divide or unite the country with a single command. The fortress’s significance only deepened with the rise of the Wangchuck dynasty. Every Bhutanese king has first served as the Trongsa Penlop before ascending the throne, a tradition that cements the dzong’s role as the crucible of leadership and national unity. Today, its 25 temples, intricate courtyards, and the iconic Ta Dzong watchtower, rising from a forested slope overlooking the dzong, stand not just as relics of the past, but as guardians of Bhutan’s living heritage. The Tshechu: Sacred Dances at the Heart of History When the Grand Trongsa Tshechu arrives toward the end of each year on the annual western calendar, the dzong pulses with life. Villagers from surrounding valleys, monks in crimson robes, and visitors from afar gather in anticipation. The air fills with the sound of ancient skin drums, trumpets, cymbals, and the steady moan of ceremonial horns heralding the start of the sacred masked dances called Chham . Each dance is a vivid tapestry of color and symbolism. The Guru Tshengye Chham brings to life the eight manifestations of Padmasambhava, the 8th-century ‘Buddha of the Himalaya’ who tamed the spirits and brought Buddhism to Ladakh, Nepal, Bhutan, and Tibet. Dancers in swirling silks and fierce masks perform the Tsholing Chham, channeling wrathful deities to banish evil and protect the faithful. The haunting Durdag, or Skeleton Dance, reminds all present of life’s impermanence, while the Black Hat Dance purifies the space and honors the tantric power that underpins Bhutanese spiritual practices. These performances are more than mere spectacle. Known to westerners until the early 20th century as 'devil dances,' they are, in fact, sacred rites believed to cleanse misfortune, bestow blessings, and connect the community to the teachings of the Buddha. The festival ends with a viewing of the Thongdrel, a colossal embroidered tapestry depicting Guru Padmasambhava. For a brief, golden moment, the faithful gaze upon it, believing that even a glimpse can bring liberation and good fortune. A Living Symbol of Bhutanese Identity Trongsa Dzong’s walls have witnessed royal investitures, spiritual awakenings, and the unbroken pulse of Bhutanese tradition. After surviving earthquakes, fires and the passage of centuries, the fortress has been lovingly restored, its murals and temples preserved for future generations. The people of Trongsa take immense pride in their dzong, seeing it as both a symbol of sovereignty and a testament to their enduring cultural significance. That pride is most palpable during the festival. As masked dancers spin and leap and turn beneath the gazes of the ancient statues inside the dzong’s sacred shrines, past and present come together together in a cycle that is as timeless as the mountains themselves. For anyone lucky enough to see the Grand Trongsa Tshechu, it’s clear that here, in the heart of Bhutan, history is not just remembered. It’s danced, sung, and lived anew each year. To receive similar updates in your inbox, please subscribe to our newsletter Email* Yes, subscribe me to your newsletter. Submit Swipe left above for more See our upcoming journeys Celebrating 40 years of Bhutan Foundation at the spectacular Royal Highland Festival Celebrating 40 years of Bhutan Foundation at the spectacular Royal Highland Festival Marvels & mask dances: celebrating the beauty and cultural treasures of Bhutan Cultural Treasures of Bhutan Timeless Bhutan: In the Footsteps of Monica & Fritz von Schulthess Journey to Bhutan's spectacular Royal Highland Festival & Beyond Trek to Treasure Lake, Trongsa Festival & Tiger’s Nest-3 Conservation, culture and the grand Trongsa Festival Bhutan conservation, culture, mythology & overland from western to central highlands Lodge to lodge trekking on the epic Trans Bhutan Trail Ancient Kathmandu and hidden Trisuli with optional Chitwan National Park In-depth cultural exploration of Bhutan View all journeys _________ Travel Logistics Organizer for CBS 60 Minutes 2024 special report on Bhutan “First, thank you for making my trip to Bhutan run smoothly. Second, for explaining your culture and customs to me and our team in a way that helped our 60 MINS story come alive. Third, for making the visit seriously fun!” ~ Lesley Stahl, Correspondent, CBS 60 Minutes, September 2024 Search Travel Bhutan Abundance: A summer journey DEPARTURES Blessings of Bhutan Bhutan's Jomolhari Trek Heart of Happiness Trek to Treasure Lake On the Wings of Prayer Punakha's Pageant of Warriors Bhutan in the Time of Rhododendrons SEE ALL JOURNEYS Stories Hidden Lands of Happiness SPOTLIGHT Wild Wild East: How an ancient matriarch led her people to Bhutan Our top 10 reasons why you should visit Bhutan in 2023 How the brown trout came to Bhutan's lakes and rivers The top 10 mask dances to see in Bhutan Pomp & circumstance at Bhutan's warriors festival A journey to learn about Gross National Happiness SEE ALL STORIES Us The Bhutan Himalaya Difference ABOUT US Who we are The Bhutan Himalaya Difference What our travelers say Our Team Meet our latest hires CONTACT US

FIELD REPORT In the Realm of Mountain Gods: The Trek to Magnificent Mount Gangkhar Puensum Karma Dorji, Travel Programs Coordinator, Bhutan Himalaya Expeditions Karma Dorji, Travel Programs Coordinator, Bhutan Himalaya Expeditions Facebook X (Twitter) WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link The ever-smiling Ap Tashi, our Lead Horseman for the Gangkhar Puensum Treks. Home > Stories > Current Page Facebook X (Twitter) WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link With thoughtful itineraries honed since 1999, we unveil the depths of Bhutan's happiness philosophy, the daily physical adventures through the beautiful Himalayan landscape complemented by the intimate and in-depth cultural experiences sensitively curated for you every day. Questions? Get in touch with us Through the eyes of a select few informed leaders we saw the dilemmas of a culture: A hitherto sheltered nation discovering the arguments for and against remaining a cloistered society in this 21st Century. I loved the adventure, and I loved the discovery. Unlike anything else I have ever experienced! Lola W., California Get similar features & travel information straight to your inbox with the Bhutan Himalaya Newsletter Day 1 LIKE A SCENE from an old Japanese brush painting come to life, tendrils of high mountain mist curl up from Yotongla, the 11,000-foot pass to Bhutan’s central Bumthang highlands. Green ferns and forests, and mountains upon mountains greet the trekker on the trail to Mount Gangkhar Puensum. We are driving through an early unseasonal downpour, and the mountains are green, quiet, and glistening during a break in the rain. The rain is a worrying sign for our trek to Mount Gangkhar Puensum, but it’s a welcome baptism for this particular Bhutanese spring. Much of the season has been grey from the haze of forest fires and, I suspect, the smoke of thousands of small, unregulated slash-and-burn fires started by isolated farmers across the country. Such cultivators cling to the old ways of burning all remaining plant debris to make way for new growth. But now, the world cleansed by the late spring showers, a pall has lifted. The beauty of the stunning springtime landscape shines through in a world made new. The late-season rhododendrons are bright splashes against the vibrant green, reminiscent of the sensual roses the artist Frida Kahlo loved to draw. “I paint flowers so they will not die,” she once famously said. Traveling from the West to the heart of Bumthang where we will start hiking towards the majestic, unpredictable Mount Gangkhar Puensum, we first descend into the dense broccoli floret jungles of Rukubji in the Ngyala region. These forbidding forests were once so dark that, in the middle of the day, the light of the sun would be snuffed out by the tree canopies above the ancient trails. Faint-hearted travelers lay down and expired from fright on those jungle-darkened trails, giving rise to the tales of a demon who ate men’s entrails and sucked their souls. But today, the only unnatural thing that’s doing the eating is our comfortable four-wheel drive, sucking the entrails of the winding and looping black tarmac highway to the east. Day 2 Our drive to the trailhead winds through misty green forests, braiding the course of the green-and-white Chamkharchhu River. From breaks between forests and farms, green pines and open meadows, the river’s roar rises and fades. At the trailhead, we ready our packs as the light rain simmers, or is it merely mist made manifest? We start... it rains. Then it stops. We pass the Khakthang army camp where they inspect our permits, and where an eager—and clearly lonely—Indian military man follows us partway up the trail, scrutinizing the hikers, especially the women. I have seen this lost-puppy behavior before at other far-flung outposts on our trekking routes where Indian and Bhutanese military men work together to secure the border with China. “May I come with you?” he says, eyes pleading, or mocking, I’m not sure which. I smile but say nothing, for the man well knows he cannot leave his post. The early wet season has pockmarked the muddy trails with deep gashes filled with mud and brown liquid, dung, and flies. The hooves of our horses dig deep holes into hard-packed trails turned to mush, making sucking sounds as they extricate. Farther up, the Indian jawan trails off, a forlorn figure, his eyes following our backs. The green valley narrows, and we stay on the twisting trail always keeping left, ignoring the shiny new bridge leading to the right side of the valley that has misled some groups toward a very different, unanticipated trek. At midday, we eat beside the river—fresh chicken fried to crisp mouthfuls; chow mein; rice and buttered asparagus, broccoli, and carrots. And, finally, from our tall camp flasks, we pour and sip sweet milk tea prepared earlier this morning by our camp chef Sonam. Energized by the meal, we point our noses upriver once more, feet like metronomes, keeping left on the mud and rock-strewn trail climbing and rising steadily next to the loud and noisy river engorged by the recent rain. Some two hours later we reach an oxbow lake where Himalayan Buddhism’s presiding prophet, the Guru Padmasambhava, is believed to have cleaved a “lake” from the river, and the small green lagoon of water truncated from the tumbling waters of the glacial Chamkharchhu is pointed out as evidence of this miracle. Day 3 Straight out of camp, we climb a steep, rocky, winding staircase carved into the mountainside by more than a millennium of trudging feet. The ancient flagstone steps take us up through shimmering green tree canopies, the sun scattering dappled light through the leaves. Sunlight on the river winks at us from far below the trail and, from the slopes above, their sources hidden, a myriad streams run like ropes of milk down the faces of furry, otherworldly boulders covered in thick blankets of wet moss. We pass small stands of bamboo and tall forests of firs, pine, and rhododendrons glittering with the pearls of last night’s rain. The undergrowth is dense with rotting trees sinking back into humus, and fronds of delicately waving fern. Three from our crew—two of our leads and one guest—have headed back down the mountain today. We’re sorry to see them go, but it’s the best decision for everyone. Guests hiking through an otherworldly forest of fir and ferns. Breakfast this morning was toast, oatmeal porridge, honey, jam, fried eggs, Chuniding Foods peanut butter, tea, coffee, milk, and french fries hot from the kitchen, served by Chef Sonam, and delivered by camp assistant Kinley. Our camp chef, Sonam, is a plump, round figure. It’s said in these mountains that you don’t want a skinny trekking chef, for well-fed cooks mean everyone will eat well. We keep left of the brawling, coiling river, and continue up the mountain, passing some impressive boulder river embankments, a local engineering feat. Finally, past midday, we cross a suspension bridge to the right where we meet the season’s first cordyceps hunters coming down the mountain. One of them shows us three precious cordyceps mushrooms in the palm of his hand. The strange symbiosis of fungus and worm that produces Cordyceps sinensis is among nature’s enduring curiosities, a valuable gift of these mountains that has turned fortunes and made many poor highlanders rich overnight. Day 4 Today, we arrive at a crossroads in the mountains after our grueling, five-hour walk. Two major tributaries of the Chamkharchhu River tumble down the steep valleys to meet at the confluence edged by green yak meadows dotted with pine and fir where native yaks and visiting ponies graze together on the tough mountain grass. The place is ringed by green, forested slopes, and the jagged, snowcapped peaks beyond. The most noticeable feature here is a steep and craggy cliff that splits the landscape like a defensive fortress or a castle—indeed, many native yak herders believe it is just that, the home of their primal guardian deity—straddling this location where mountains, rivers, and valleys meet. Such places are said to have powerful spirits, none more so than the one who resides inside this spectacular, rocky citadel. Native herders call the spirit Tshampa Braktsen , a name that means the “Supernatural Protector Cliff of Tshampa.” One may not pass such places without first making offers to the local “Tsen,” or deity of the mundane plane. We pay attention and make our first act—after setting up camp—an offering of sacred libations called Serkim to the hoary old spirit. The skies darken and grumble, but the rain is held at bay, an indication that we’ve successfully pleased the supernatural force, for the time being. We camp next to where the two rivers meet, below a new temple that looks down on the “Y” where the rivers join to become the Chamkharchhu. The local hermit who helps us with our libation offerings is Lama Geley Wangdi, 58, from Chhokhortoe, a valley two full days of walking downriver. He has lived in Tshampa for 11 years, praying and meditating alone. Senior Army Sergeant Namgay Wangdi, 59, visits him periodically from the nearby army border outpost to help the lama in his holy prayers and sacrifices by gathering and splitting the monk’s firewood. I meet the burly army Sergeant outside the hermit’s hut. He’s thwacking away at the logs and chipping them into neat piles of dry firewood. That evening, the sight of a small blue curl of smoke rising from the lone hermit’s hut—a telltale sign of the brotherhood of soldier and monk. A colorful landscape of sacred rocks and hidden mountains where the rich mythology leaches into the everyday. Day 5 Three of our pack horses ate some poisonous plants in the night and are now sick, drunken, and listless. They keep falling down. Ap Tashi and Kuenzang, our two lead horsemen, are struggling to feed the horses a time-honored local antidote: a strange concoction of sugar, water, and human piss (yes, you read that right). Someone has to stay with the sick horses, so we’re down one horse leader, proving the wisdom of bringing more people than we need on this expedition. The remaining horses loaded up, we cross back over the wooden bridge and carry on up the right side of the river, climbing up a series of interlocking spurs and mountains, breathing hard in the thin mountain air, grateful for the morning sun on our backs. Snow doves scatter like white sparks against the dark green slopes as we climb toward Gangkhar Puensum’s Basecamp. We pass empty yak herders’ stone huts and enter dense conifer forests, the ground mossy and loamy, exuding an ancient wet smell from the birth of the world itself. After what seems like forever, the valley opens into a wide “V,” with wispy clouds stretching like dragons into the distant blue horizon between the towering mountains. In this quiet, sacred space, ravens are the most vocal residents. What do these mystic birds of the Pleistocene make of the solitary figure threading his way up the valley behind the larger group? Their harsh voices ring in the clear mountain air. Ravens, celebrated in Bhutan, have been recorded at 20,600 feet on Mount Everest. They are found in the arctic circle as well as crowded cities, Pacific Islands, and the deserts of Africa. In Bhutan, they’re celebrated as heralds of victory; they grace the king’s crown. My grandmother in the fertile rice-terrace-ringed Mangde valley—some 200 miles to the southwest—trusted their calls to announce her arriving guests who often appeared at her door before she’d finished preparing the welcome drink or meal! It's the peak of the springtime yak-calving season and we see evidence of new life budding all around us. Young calves, barely days old, bleat in the clear mountain air as they follow their mothers on shaky legs; one of the yak mothers on the trail in front of us, her trembling calf trying to keep up with her, still has a long, wet rope of placenta hanging from her rear. Golden buttercups push up from the ground. I have read that light refracted by the starch in the buttercups travels through the pigments twice, giving them the rich yellow color that’s so pleasing to our eyes. The secret of the buttercups is that they use this transmutation of light to catch an insect’s eye to spread and propagate their seed, yet another evidence of primordial life forces at work around us. There’s such a beauty and apparent stillness in the world. Yet, underneath the surface quiet, nature is hard at work, growing, spreading its wings like a newly emerging butterfly, breathing fresh life into all budding things, making the clouds move across the skies, the sun warm our backs, weaving with infinite seen and unseen threads the stunning web of life that sustains us all, animating the tiniest bugs scurrying across the forest floor, the magnificent raptors riding the thermal air currents in the fathomless sky above us. Deep within the folds of the mountains, an unlikely pairing of a soldier and a monk. The team takes a break for lunch beside the trail, en route to Mt. Gangkhar Puensum. As I pass more yak herders’ huts up the trail—all empty this time of year—the sky darkens, and the mountains that looked like a postcard scene moments ago in the sunlight take on a scowling appearance. In these sacred realms where nature holds sway, divine displeasure brings punishment by weather. Sacrifices, libations, and offerings ensure protection. Humans are dust specks at the mercy of forces beyond our ken, and without my reinforced modern boots, my down parka, our weather-sealed expedition tents, our minus 30-degree-centigrade expedition sleeping bags, the warm hats and gloves and mitts, my rain gear, extra jackets and thermal layers, the backpacking emergency kits in my pack, including a 1,600-lumen flashlight that can light up an entire campsite after dark, the energy bars, nuts, and dried fruit treats in my waterproof rubberized pack, I’d be as vulnerable as a newborn babe in these woods, in this sudden, unpredictable mountain weather. Even with all we have, the dragon’s rumbling grumble that comes rolling deeply over the mountains, seeming to shake the very ground, strikes an old, ancient terror at my heart. More rain, snow at this altitude, poses serious dangers even with the arsenal of equipment we have at our disposal. I glance at the empty stone circles left by the absentee yak herders, quickly gauging how warm they’d keep me in the event of an unexpected snowstorm. Frequently at camp, my old friend and our Chief of Operations, Karma (the “Good” Karma, as I like to call him) offers juniper incense smoke to the spirits. He began life in a prominent yak-herding family at the far western edges of Bhutan and is fluent in the lore of the mountains. “Watch,” he says. “I can make the rain stop by doing this.” Smoke billows to the sky, fragrant with rich juniper scents; heavy droplets of rain come to a stop. The incense offering dies off, and the rain resumes. Karma smiles like a mischievous boy, delighted! It’s his private little magic trick, and he laughs at my sheer disbelief. In the ethereal realms below Mount Gangkhar Puensum, the “saang,” or burnt juniper smoke—a customary peace offering to brooding mountain gods—has a powerful sour-urine smell. Our veteran horseman Ap Tashi, who has walked these trails for over 50 years, says it’s because Bhutan’s Crazy Wisdom saint Lama Drukpa Kunley (1455 to 1529) peed all over a juniper bush in this part of the country, making it potent for such supplicatory offerings. As smoke rises from a small pile of lit juniper, he grins and points a crooked finger at the sky caught between rain or shine. Is it meant as proof of his story of uncertain origins? The Bhutanese landscape is full of such tales that blur the lines of myth and history. One realizes quickly that the What, When, Where, How, and Why of any conventional enquiry in this landscape does not follow linear patterns of logic familiar to the western mind, but rather become caught in such gauzy eddies of mystical faith and belief, entangling even historical events in the web of religious credulity, magic, and mystery. Day 6 A sudden, unexpected hailstorm follows us for a distance, the small chunks of ice glittering before melting away. Gangkhar Puensum is still shrouded in mystery behind calligraphic, curling clouds like the great hidden universal mountain, the primordial Axis Mundi connecting the underworld, the earth, and the heavens. This is why ancient eastern religions revere mountains—they connect us to realms that lie beyond our sense perceptions. They say near very dense landmasses, gravity pulls harder than anywhere. Whatever the scientific proof, I see how the proposition got started. Both my feet have turned to lead. My trekking companions are an ant’s-line of bright-green, blue, and orange parkas threading their way up the mountain at the far end of the valley. Far beyond them, snow peaks glitter dangerously, clouds scudding skies. Mountains shine like daggers pointed heavenwards, and the clouds are pregnant with the promise of rain. Despite heavy feet, my heart is light. After a year of planning, we’re nearing our goal—camp awaits with hot tea, popcorn, and snacks. Day 7 Morning finds us at the base of Gangkhar Puensum, waiting for the peak to emerge from its cloud cover. The mountain plays hide-and-seek; we catch glimpses of its massive shoulders and triangulated summit as clouds shift. We sit outside our tents sipping hot coffee and eating breakfast: fried eggs, rice, sausages, and more. Mid-morning brings a dramatic reveal—the peak stands wide and majestic against the blue sky. We are dwarfed, mere ants before a divine emperor. Later, our team heads toward the glacial basin for exploration. My friend Karma climbs a high ridge alone to meet blue sheep—a sign of snow leopards nearby. Our main destination is Burtsham or ‘Glacier’s End.’ Ap Tashi, our lead horseman, points out how much the glacier has receded (several kilometers) since his youth—a stark reminder of unrelenting climate change. Against a brooding sky, a yak grazes placidly near Gangkhar Puensum Basecamp. A herd of yaks graze in front of the massive Mt. Gangkhar Puensum. Although a peaceful-enough scene, it hides an ominous truth. The meadow on which they graze today was once part of a glacier that our lead horseman, now 67, remembers from his youth. I follow the Chamkharchhu river, and mountains rise sharply around me like Tolkien’s Middle Earth come alive. I’m a speck in this cosmic landscape of rock and earth. Hidden caves dot the cliffs where yetis might yet live, for mysterious footprints were found here as late as 2014. Further up the trail, a large black yak lounges in a dirt dugout that serves as a private nook. He is lord and master of all he surveys, until a grey yak, larger than him, ambles over and forces him to vacate his spot. The encounter reminds me that nature may be wholly unfair. One can’t stash one’s frilly romantic ideas here. And the grey yak seems to revel in teaching me that lesson. He stares at me, grunts, and proceeds to lay down and roll around vigorously, rubbing himself filthy in the hollow, as if to leave no doubt of his mastery. Miffed, the other yak shambles away, shaking his head in disbelief. A sharp crack echoes through the valley—ice breaking above? Glacial floods are common here due to warming temperatures. Efforts are underway to manage these risks with early warning systems for Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) but that seems small comfort in this steep, stone-littered valley with nowhere to hide. Even as I’m thinking such dark thoughts, a lone figure comes weaving down from far up the valley like a tiny feather drifting in the immense landscape, whistling a merry tune. It’s our horseman, Ap Tashi. At 67, Ap Tashi handles his horses like someone half his age. He talks to his horses, softly urging them on. “They’re like my children,” he says. “They feed my family, so I take good care of them.” Such tenderness for pack animals is rare among high-altitude Bhutanese horse drivers who shout and use the switch instead of the gentle coaxing and the quick rump rubs Ap Tashi gives his horses. Morning brings isolated pairs of men, women, and boys up the mountain, each taking a different path. They hunt for Cordyceps, the fungus prized in Chinese medicine. It’s a hard life, searching for something so small on steep, treacherous slopes. In 2021, ten cordyceps hunters were lost to a mudslide. The work strains eyes and knees, each barely noticeable and flickering stalk a potential treasure. On a cordyceps picker’s mountainside, solitude. Everyone scatters to find their own fortune. Greed will come, and with it, fights over territory. For now, the government gives locals first pick. Once gathered, the Cordyceps travel to valleys like Bumthang or Paro to be sold at prices rivaling gold. Tales of newfound wealth spread like wildfire—nomads renting helicopters as taxis. In this age of digital payments, some of them arrive in lower valleys such as Punakha and Paro with sacks of cash to buy cars, homes, buildings. Day 8 After two nights at Mount Gangkhar Puensum, we break camp and head down the valley. I check the camp one last time to ensure there are no traces of our presence. We follow our horses beside the Chamkharchhu river. The river purls over rocks and boulders, following its ancient urge to smooth the rough edges of everything that stands in its way. The towering mountains above us endure. We, with our brief spans are, as the Buddhists say, “like lightning in the sky.” One must hope that we leave the world a better place, but that’s easier said than done. We are given. And we take, heedlessly. I make sure we stop at key points in the landscape where sacred spirits are thought to make their homes. Sometimes it’s a towering mesa that rises above the surrounding land, at other times they are wide blocks of bare mountain that reveal what appear to be fortifications, ramparts and turrets. Sometimes the bare cliff or mountain, or forest is itself the deity. It’s all so very easy in such surroundings to feel the living, breathing force of the sacred. Easy to walk softly around such mountain gods in awe, the blue curling smoke of burning juniper incense rising to the skies as our peace offerings. A three-hour hike brings us back down to the tree line. I move through a profound silence broken only by the sounds of the river flowing next to me, the cooing of birds in the trees. The ancient rocks and mountains bear silent witness to everything within the infinite arc of time. Lost in mountain reveries, I surprise a Monal Pheasant browsing quietly along the forest floor until my rude interruption of its tranquil forest solitude, its iridescent head going up and down as it hunts and pecks on the ground. The monal reminds me of the Cordyceps hunters we saw this morning: Tiny stooped figures in bright green, red and blue, only the color of their heavy jackets marking them on the landscape as they stoop and rise, scratching their way up the mountain inch by painful inch. Amid an angry protest of feathers and clucks, the Monal scuttles away between the trees, soon lost to view, only a sharp, screeching rebuke echoing in the still mountain air. Day 9 At the steepest section of the trail this morning, I meet a couple coming down the impossible-looking slope prodding their horses down the mountain. “Are you ‘picking worms’ I ask by way of mountain greetings, the phrase a euphemism for Cordyceps picking. The man, whose round belly precedes the rest of his body nods. Trailing behind him is his wife, a stout, no-nonsense Bumthap mountain woman, the front hem of her ankle-length traditional Bhutanese Kira hitched up to her waist and tucked away behind her belt for ease of walking. She smiles and offers a quick nod as I stop to let them pass. The tiny yak herder’s village sits below Thole Tsho, a high lake thick with glacial silt. I’m invited to one of the low stone huts. The wife, Jambay Wangmo, speaks Bumthap. We share an instant kinship as it’s a language my mother speaks. A chained Tibetan mastiff howls outside, all fangs and fury. Jambay and her husband, Ugen, insists on tea. “Bad luck to let you leave with an empty mouth,” they say, in the Bhutanese manner. I know there’s no escape. The hut is simple. Two rooms. The kitchen has a fireplace made of blackened rocks. Pots are clean, streaked silver where the soot has been scrubbed, probably using handfuls of fine gravel sourced right outside their door. The inner room has an altar. Currency notes as offerings. A picture of their lama. They serve tea with yak milk. Maize flakes. Then, Ara, strong and mind-bending. More than a little tipsy, I say my thanks and climb to our camp by the lake, at 14,480 feet. The Solangchhu River is calm here, no hint of its future fury as it tumbles down the steep mountains. Himalayan Choughs cry in the silence. In the mountains, where hospitality is not measured by material wealth, but the willingness to share what one has, the couple—Jambay, and her husband Ugen—insists on the age-old proffer of a cup of tea, which quickly turns into offers of a more potent brew. Day 10 In the morning, we climb to Tholela Pass. At 15,520 feet, it’s hard going. I think of holy Padmasambhava, who walked these very paths centuries ago. Or did he levitate? Beyond the Tholela, the “Pass Where Man Needs Walking Stick,” lies the most dizzying mountain scenery. The Dhur’s headwaters cascade down in milky tresses, vanishing into a hidden tarn, then reappearing as a braided stream. It’s a holy pigtail shaken loose from a mountain goddess’ head. Craggy, snow-flecked mountains rise vertically. The rocky trail scrabbles down to a flat stream bed. The water runs clear over rust-brown pebbles before disappearing. The trail drops in sharp zigzags to the valley floor. Below, the young river sparkles in the sun. I stop for lunch by the stream. Two Cordyceps prospectors struggle up the trail. Lhakpa and Khandu teeter-totter under a month’s load. They walk like crabs, side by side. I share my sandwich. The younger man rouses a third companion, sleeping off ara on a sunlit meadow. The drunkard sits bolt upright, dazed. I leave them and keep walking. The Dhur River gurgles and swishes. A lonesome bird whistles. A yak pulls at dry grass. Vegetation changes from lichen to alpine scrub, getting greener. Bowlegged trees appear. A wooden bridge spans the river, spare and functional. Three stone huts stand on the other side. Later, yellow, white, and cream rhododendrons bloom. The river widens, tumbling in white cascades. Mountain slopes dense with flowers, a silent poem to the Bhutanese spring. Flat rocks wrapped in Daphne leaves line the trail, customary gifts for mountain and forest gods. Finally, camp. After dinner, we gather by a small fire. A sudden downpour sends everyone rushing to their tents, and even though the rain is short-lived, no one has the heart to come out, and so the night is on us, cold and crisp with bright points of light in the sky through the opening in the trees. Beyond Tholela, the aptly named "Pass where Man Needs Walking Stick," lies a dizzying, vertiginous landscape that no camera can adequately convey. Day 11 Near the tail end of our Gangkhar Puensum Trek, we descend fast, entering thick, living forests that feel like great universal cathedrals of the wilderness. Golden light falls through tall rhododendron trees, their branches bending over the trail. The green woods echo with bird calls—a cuckoo sings in the distance.” In myriad thickets south of the Yangtze grows a flower named the cuckoo,” the Yuan dynasty poet Liu Guan wrote, describing the seasonality of cuckoos and rhododendrons in his poem Hearing the Cuckoo. “It blossoms when the bird arrives, and farmers tell each other to plant their spring fields. . .” In this waning month of our Bhutanese spring, there are almost as many blood-red rhododendron petals on the ground as on the trees, an exquisite teaching on impermanence. Entranced, I step on a wet, slippery mound of horse dung. The flower-strung trails and the ripe smell of horseshit, the flies and the birds and the bees all existing side by side. Delicate purple flowers push up from a cake of dung, a reminder that beauty can rise from any samsaric muck, like a lotus blooming from a dirty pond. Chef Sonam serves us fiddlehead ferns and cloud-ear mushrooms in a rich, secret cream sauce of his own devising. We drink and celebrate our last night trekking. Cook Kinley sings about the beauty and the pain of high mountain passes, eyes closed. Horseman Tashi performs a peacock dance, a surprisingly beautiful and shocking rendition that stuns everyone. “I came to Bumthang,” he sings, “…like a stud; I was given to [marry] a beautiful Bumthap lady because I can sing and dance like a peacock!” Our caravan lead Ap Tashi's horses, who have worked harder than anyone at camp to get our provisions up and down the mountains, get a brief respite before the final descent toward the end of the trek. Day 12 On the final morning, as we break camp, Ap Tashi is working with his beloved horses, singing, his lilting voice rising, a protective presence over camp as the dappled light falls from the trees on the waiting horses, gently stamping their feet to relieve themselves of the flies. The first thing we see on re-entering civilization is a fenced-in meadow with grazing cows. Soon, the tops of some painted farmhouses, mostly hidden among the trees, and then a big, long green cell phone tower pointed at the sky, a banal end to such an extraordinary, revelatory time. *** To receive similar updates in your inbox, please subscribe to our newsletter Email* Yes, subscribe me to your newsletter. Submit Swipe left above for more See our upcoming journeys Celebrating 40 years of Bhutan Foundation at the spectacular Royal Highland Festival Celebrating 40 years of Bhutan Foundation at the spectacular Royal Highland Festival Marvels & mask dances: celebrating the beauty and cultural treasures of Bhutan Cultural Treasures of Bhutan Timeless Bhutan: In the Footsteps of Monica & Fritz von Schulthess Journey to Bhutan's spectacular Royal Highland Festival & Beyond Trek to Treasure Lake, Trongsa Festival & Tiger’s Nest-3 Conservation, culture and the grand Trongsa Festival Bhutan conservation, culture, mythology & overland from western to central highlands Lodge to lodge trekking on the epic Trans Bhutan Trail Ancient Kathmandu and hidden Trisuli with optional Chitwan National Park In-depth cultural exploration of Bhutan View all journeys _________ Travel Logistics Organizer for CBS 60 Minutes 2024 special report on Bhutan “First, thank you for making my trip to Bhutan run smoothly. Second, for explaining your culture and customs to me and our team in a way that helped our 60 MINS story come alive. Third, for making the visit seriously fun!” ~ Lesley Stahl, Correspondent, CBS 60 Minutes, September 2024 Search Travel Bhutan Abundance: A summer journey DEPARTURES Blessings of Bhutan Bhutan's Jomolhari Trek Heart of Happiness Trek to Treasure Lake On the Wings of Prayer Punakha's Pageant of Warriors Bhutan in the Time of Rhododendrons SEE ALL JOURNEYS Stories Hidden Lands of Happiness SPOTLIGHT Wild Wild East: How an ancient matriarch led her people to Bhutan Our top 10 reasons why you should visit Bhutan in 2023 How the brown trout came to Bhutan's lakes and rivers The top 10 mask dances to see in Bhutan Pomp & circumstance at Bhutan's warriors festival A journey to learn about Gross National Happiness SEE ALL STORIES Us The Bhutan Himalaya Difference ABOUT US Who we are The Bhutan Himalaya Difference What our travelers say Our Team Meet our latest hires CONTACT US

INSIDE INFO Hot Tub Time Machine: Bhutan's ancient practice of mineral baths offer a new experience for travelers Bhutan Himalaya Editors Bhutan Himalaya Editors Facebook X (Twitter) WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link Home > Stories > Current Page Facebook X (Twitter) WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link With thoughtful itineraries honed since 1999, we unveil the depths of Bhutan's happiness philosophy, the daily physical adventures through the beautiful Himalayan landscape complemented by the intimate and in-depth cultural experiences sensitively curated for you every day. Questions? Get in touch with us Through the eyes of a select few informed leaders we saw the dilemmas of a culture: A hitherto sheltered nation discovering the arguments for and against remaining a cloistered society in this 21st Century. I loved the adventure, and I loved the discovery. Unlike anything else I have ever experienced! Lola W., California Get similar features & travel information straight to your inbox with the Bhutan Himalaya Newsletter THE PROCESS BEGINS by heating smooth river rocks over a roaring fire until they glow red hot. The molten stones are carefully lowered into a wooden tub filled with cold water, instantly heating it and releasing clouds of fragrant steam as bundles of artemisia herbs are added. "It's a very simple but powerful experience," said Sonam Tobgay, who operates a traditional menchu bath house on his family's farm in central Bhutan. "The hot stones transfer their heat and minerals to purify the water, while the herbs provide therapeutic benefits." As the tub's temperature gradually rises, bathers slip into the steamy menchu for an hour or longer. The penetrating warmth is believed to alleviate ailments from arthritis and muscle pain to skin conditions and digestive issues by improving blood circulation. Ancient Roots, Modern Indulgence For generations, Bhutanese families gathered around the menchu after long days working the winter fields, soaking away aches and restoring weary bodies. Some consulted astrologers to determine the most auspicious bathing time based on celestial alignments thought to enhance the ritual's restorative powers. "It was a way to bond as a community and heal not just physically but spiritually," said Kinley Wangchuk, an elder from the village of Gangtey. "We welcomed each season's arrival by bathing in the hot stones and herbs, connecting to the natural cycles." While rooted in humbler village traditions, luxury hotels and spas have reinvented the menchu as a high-end amenity for discerning global travelers. At the more upscale lodges and resorts, guests can indulge in a Bhutanese Hot Stone Bath surrounded by glowing candles and flower petals (not part of the tradition) in traquil surroundings for an extra fee, as an add-on to their packages. "The menchu is a signature experience that allows our visitors to authentically immerse themselves in Bhutan's living heritage," said Thinley Wangchuk, the manager of one such luxury property. "After soaking in the nurturing waters, they emerge feeling rejuvenated yet also spiritually grounded." Sensory Journey The menchu offers a multi-sensory journey that taps into the core of Bhutan's Buddhist beliefs - simplicity, mindfulness and respect for the natural world. Slipping into a fragrant bath, one is meant to release the stress of daily life with each breath of the herb-infused steam. The gentle lapping of the heated water lulls the bather into a state of calm awareness, allowing present moment awareness. "It's not just a physical experience, but also a spiritual one of reconnecting with nature's simple yet powerful elements," said Sangay Tenzin, who offers menchu baths at his eco-lodge in Bhutan's remote Gasa region. "Guests always emerge with a profound sense of peace and rejuvenation." As Bhutan cautiously embraces modern tourism and development, the ancient menchu tradition allows travelers a rare glimpse into the core of this isolated Buddhist culture. By immersing themselves in the centuries-old hot stone bath ritual, visitors can tap into an authenticity increasingly hard to find in our fast-paced world. To receive similar updates in your inbox, please subscribe to our newsletter Email* Yes, subscribe me to your newsletter. Submit Swipe left above for more See our upcoming journeys Celebrating 40 years of Bhutan Foundation at the spectacular Royal Highland Festival Celebrating 40 years of Bhutan Foundation at the spectacular Royal Highland Festival Marvels & mask dances: celebrating the beauty and cultural treasures of Bhutan Cultural Treasures of Bhutan Timeless Bhutan: In the Footsteps of Monica & Fritz von Schulthess Journey to Bhutan's spectacular Royal Highland Festival & Beyond Trek to Treasure Lake, Trongsa Festival & Tiger’s Nest-3 Conservation, culture and the grand Trongsa Festival Bhutan conservation, culture, mythology & overland from western to central highlands Lodge to lodge trekking on the epic Trans Bhutan Trail Ancient Kathmandu and hidden Trisuli with optional Chitwan National Park In-depth cultural exploration of Bhutan View all journeys _________ Travel Logistics Organizer for CBS 60 Minutes 2024 special report on Bhutan “First, thank you for making my trip to Bhutan run smoothly. Second, for explaining your culture and customs to me and our team in a way that helped our 60 MINS story come alive. Third, for making the visit seriously fun!” ~ Lesley Stahl, Correspondent, CBS 60 Minutes, September 2024 Search Travel Bhutan Abundance: A summer journey DEPARTURES Blessings of Bhutan Bhutan's Jomolhari Trek Heart of Happiness Trek to Treasure Lake On the Wings of Prayer Punakha's Pageant of Warriors Bhutan in the Time of Rhododendrons SEE ALL JOURNEYS Stories Hidden Lands of Happiness SPOTLIGHT Wild Wild East: How an ancient matriarch led her people to Bhutan Our top 10 reasons why you should visit Bhutan in 2023 How the brown trout came to Bhutan's lakes and rivers The top 10 mask dances to see in Bhutan Pomp & circumstance at Bhutan's warriors festival A journey to learn about Gross National Happiness SEE ALL STORIES Us The Bhutan Himalaya Difference ABOUT US Who we are The Bhutan Himalaya Difference What our travelers say Our Team Meet our latest hires CONTACT US

Please complete a brief introductory trip form so we can begin processing your journey with us*. Name Email Submit Date of Arrival in Bhutan Departure Date from Bhutan Flying from: Choose an option Thanks for completing this important trip formality! We look forward to sharing our adventures in Bhutan with you soon! Flying to: Choose an option Upload Passport Page Color Copy Image Jpeg or PNG (Max 15MB) OR Upload Passport Page Color Copy PDF Pdf Or doc file (Max 15MB) *Please consult the "Sample Color Passport Copy" at the bottom of the page before uploading your passport page using the form below.

Explore the spiritual heart of Bhutan, its scenic trails, temples and vibrant Buddhist culture. Colorful mask dances in season! SIGNATURE JOURNEY The Blessings of Bhutan LEARN MORE Exploring the spiritual heart of Bhutan, its scenic trails, temples & vibrant Buddhist culture Group Travel| 12 Days Moderate to challenging hikes; easy to moderate cultural touring, high-end accommodations 2021 Travel Program (tentative post-covid recovery dates ): October 22 - November 02, 2021 (See below for 2022 dates and prices) READ MORE Take this beautiful fall hiking journey exploring the breathtaking central highlands of Bhutan, stopping at some of the most scenic temples and monasteries in the kingdom, and learning about the ancient Himalayan Buddhist culture that shapes life in Bhutan to this day. Take optional hikes along forested mountain trails, country walks skirting terraced rice fields, and experience an exciting mask dance festival as well as magnificent Tiger's Nest monastery. Enjoy a Bhutanese feast prepared by a curator of Bhutanese food traditions Meet interesting Bhutanese people from many walks of life Watch a traditional mask dance festival Visit exquisite temples and monasteries Markets, monuments, optional hikes and more SEE DAILY ITINERARY Share this trip information with a friend: EXPEDITION OVERVIEW FROM OUR PHOTOGALLERY ITINERARY This scenic journey during Bhutan’s lovely fall season starts with your arrival in Paro, Western Bhutan, from where you take a scenic mountain flight to the central valleys of Bumthang. Here, in our home region, we attend the colorful Jakar Tshechu festival and explore the enchanting valley and its ancient monasteries, taking informative walking tours and enjoying a deeper experience of the kingdom’s balanced way life. Next, we take an overland journey through western Bhutan's cultural centers before celebrating with a hike to the spectacular Tiger’s Nest monastery. Other valleys featured on this journey include Punakha, Thimphu, Wangdue, and Trongsa, with a possible overnight excursion to Gangtey. We also meet interesting Bhutanese people and celebrate a vibrant annual mask dance festival at one of the most anticipated annual Buddhist calendar events! Frequently asked questions Day 1: BANGKOK - LUANG PRABANG Flight from Bangkok to Luang Prabang Arrival in Luang Prabang Upon clearing Customs and Immigration, your guide and driver will meet you at the airport and present you with a welcome packet including all necessary documentation and vouchers as well as their contact information and information for local staff, offices and contacts you may need for the duration of your stay. Transfer by air conditioned vehicle (6 kms) Overnight in Luang Prabang DAY 2: LUANG PRABANG (DINNER) Morning at leisure A Wat to Wat Insider Walking tour (4 hours) Discover the main sights of Luang Prabang and get an insider's view of the religion and culture from a renowned photographer and author. Acommpanied your own private guide take a tuk tuk to the centre of the city to start your walking tour. Stroll through the winding streets to Wat Visoun, one of the oldest and most beautiful temples in Luoangphabhang. Visit That Makmo, also known as the "Watermelon Stupa." Continue to Wat Xieng Thong, the city's best-known and most visited monastery. The three tiered roof of the monastery sweeps low to the ground and the walls have been beautifully decorated in black lacquer and gold leaf with beautiful scenes carved in gold-painted bas-relief drawn from Hindu and Buddhist mythology. The back of Wat Xieng Thong features an intricate glass mosaic of the tree of life set on a dark red background. Later, take a walk along the Nam Khan River to Wat Khili. Here, at the temple, you will be introduced to a Luang Prabang native who has produced photography projects about world religions, and participated in art and education projects in Laos. He currently has a permanent exhibition, 'The Floating Buddha', inside the temple. He will take you on a private tour of the exhibition and share his extensive knowledge and expertise on Laos. Our final stop on this walking tour is the National Museum, which once served as the Royal Palace. After a short orientation tour through the Museum we transfer back to the hotel by tuk tuk. Transfer to/from restaurant Restaurant: Tamnak Lao Restaurant Luang Prabang (Dinner) Overnight in Luang Prabang DAY 3: LUANG PRABANG (BREAKFAST) Excursion by boat to Tham Pak Ou Caves (5-6 hours) Travel up the Mekong River to the steep limestone cliffs overlooking the Mekong and Nam Ou rivers, home to the Tham Pak Ou Caves. These extraordinary caves are filled with Buddha images, of every style and material imaginable. On the way to the Caves, stop at Ban Xang Hai Village (If time permits). The village is open 6.00 am - 15.00 pm and closed every major Buddhist holiday. This traditional Lao village is famous for the production of lao lao , the local alcoholic brew distilled from rice. The village also provides an opportunity to learn how to make traditional Laotian Corn Leaf Paper and Rice Tree Paper. First you learn how the material for corn leaf and rice tree paper are sourced and then prepare the paper from the raw materials provided. Once the paper is dry you will be shown how it can be fashioned into lampshades, a booklet or a postcard. You get to keep what you make as mementos of your visit. Overnight in Luang Prabang DAY 4: LUANG PRABANG (BREAKFAST) Sightseeing in Luang Prabang Luang Prabang, the ancient capital city of the Lan Xang Kingdom, is famous for its historic temples and beautiful setting surrounded by mountains. In 1995 it was designated a Unesco World Heritage Site. Visit Talat local market (Tour will start early morning) (30 minutes) Visit the National Museum (former Royal Palace) and Wat Mai Visit the National Museum (Royal Palace), a modest but graceful building which combines traditional Lao and French beaux-arts motifs. This turn-of-the century royal residence has been preserved as it was when the royal family last lived here and provides unique insights into the history of Laos. Then, visit the Hor Phrabang, a royal temple built on the palace grounds especially to house Laos' most sacred Buddha statue. The Buddha, cast in gold, silver and bronze alloy, stands at 83 cm tall and weighs about 50 kgs (more than 110lbs). Continue to Wat Mai, which was built in 1821 during the reign of King Manthatourath, and was once the residence of Phra Sangkharaj, the Patriarch of Laos' Buddhist clergy. Excursion to Kuang Si Waterfalls (3 hours) From Luang Prabang, travel by vehicle to the Kuang Si falls. The waterfalls are in a perfect natural setting near Luang Prabang. The multi-tiered falls tumble over limestone formations into a series of turquoise pools. Bring your swim suits and sandals if you'd like to dip your toe or part of your body in a relatively gentle pool. Please exercise caution! During certain times of the year, the falls can be dangerous because of strong torrents and the volume of water rushing downstream. Visit the nearby village of Ban Ou or Ban Na Ouane, before returning to Luang Prabang by vehicle. Overnight in Luang Prabang DAY 5: LUANG PRABANG (BREAKFAST - DINNER) Today you have a free morning to enjoy a cozy breakfast for two at an interesting local cafe, relax at the hotel or do some exploring on your own. Later in the afternoon your guide will meet you at the hotel and take you by local tuk tuk to the pier. Board the local boat and then sit back and relax on a short cruise on the mighty Mekong River. Take in the scenes of local life alongside the river and look out to the distant misty mountains. Farther down the river, the boat will bring you to the opposite bank where the temple Wat Had Siew is located. After exploring the temple environs, you will be introduced to your monk teacher who will take you through a short guided meditation (your guide is on hand to help with the translation.) After clearing your mind through meditation amid the spiritual surroundings, travel by boat and tuk tuk to a local yoga school (optional). After a warm welcome by the instructor, you will be taught some basic yoga aimed at improving mental and physical balance. Be sure to wear or bring some comfortable clothes if you plan on doing yoga this afternoon. At the end of the day return to your hotel by vehicle. Restaurant : Dyen Sabai Restaurant and Lounge (Dinner) Overnight in Luang Prabang DAY 6: LUANG PRABANG - VIENTIANE (BREAKFAST) Transfer by air conditioned vehicle (6 kms) Flight from Luang Prabang to Vientiane Transfer by air conditioned vehicle Sightseeing in Vientiane The capital city of Laos and the seat of Laotian government sits on a bend of the Mekong River amid the fertile alluvial plains. Vientiane (pronounced Wieng Chang by the locals) is a laid-back city with lots of history, interesting temples and lively markets. Overnight in Vientiane DAY 7: VIENTIANE (BREAKFAST) Sightseeing in Vientiane (8 hours) The capital city of Laos, Vientiane, still feels like a sleepy city with a relaxed charm, tree-lined boulevards, beautiful temples and colorful markets. Tour the many highlights of the city, including Pha That Luang, a gleaming golden stupa with a vibrantly painted interior (below) that is perhaps the most important national monument in Laos; Ho Pha Keo, the royal temple, now a museum with beautiful examples of Buddhist sculptures; Wat Si Saket, another built in 1818; Patuxai, a monumental arch inspired by Paris' Arc de Triomphe, but executed with Lao motifs. Stop by the Cooperative Orthotic and Prosthetic Enterprise (COPE) for a reckoning with the awful legacy of American bombs, and the progressive work of the organization rehabilitating those injured by unexploded ordnances. See Wat Si Muang, a gold monument built in 1563. End your day at the Talaat Sao, or the "morning market" (actually open all day), the best place to buy traditional Lao fabrics. Overnight in Vientiane DAY 8: VIENTIANE (BREAKFAST - DINNER) Today you have a chunk of leisure time to explore on your own, try some interesting local restaurants, visit an art gallery or just spend some time reading and relaxing at the hotel. This evening visit the home of a local chef and learn how to cook delicious Lao dishes. Travel to Ban Nong Bone Village, where the Head Chef, Vanpheng, will welcome you to her home and teach your cooking class. Over the next few hours you will learn how to cook three local dishes using traditional ingredients and techniques. Afterwards, relax and enjoy the feast everyone has created together. Traditional sweets and snacks will also be on offer, although the savoury dishes tend to be most popular to prepare. Tropical drinks are also included with the meal. Say farewell to Vanpheng and spend the rest of the evening at leisure (or see recommendation below): Recommended Tour: This evening we recommend a stroll along the banks of the Mekong River through Chao Anou Park and the Night Market, observing locals and taking in the views. Both are situated along the Mekong and this area comes alive after dark. Adventurous foodies can sample a wide range of local snacks along the way. Cap off the night with a bottle of the Beerlao, a tasty local beer brewed from local rice and high-quality malt. Overnight in Vientiane DAY 9: VIENTIANE (BREAKFAST) Transfer by air conditioned vehicle Flight from Vientiane to Bangkok ™ DOWNLOAD PRINT ITINERARY WHAT TO KNOW BEFORE YOU GO The activities on this trip are rated as moderate and suits a wide range of interests and physical fitness levels. The hikes on this trip can range from moderate to challenging, depending on your abilities. Trip members should be in good health and comfortable standing or walking for extended periods of time and confident navigating mixed and steep terrain that may include rocky trails, slippery conditions and, or, steps and stairs. Daily activities include city walking tours, hiking to and entering monasteries, temples and fortresses, driving over winding mountain roads and easy to moderate hiking with some strenuous options where possible. The general elevations in the valleys will mostly range from 6,800 ft to 9,000 ft, with drives that will take us over higher passes before descending to the average elevations mentioned above. The final hike to Tiger's Nest Monastery is 10,000 ft. Accommodations The high-end accommodations on this journey feature traditional Bhutanese style with modern elements. The lodges are handpicked for regional character, comfort, and hospitality, including our beautiful family lodge in the central highlands of Bhutan, the Mountain Resort (see more on the Mountain Resort below). In peak season, depending on availability, we may use lodges comparable to the ones we have listed or advertised. Expedition Staff Every expedition is curated by expert native-born guides and trip leaders who also facilitate meetings and learning experiences with other locally knowledgeable people along the way. Our experienced team shares valuable insights and local expertise to ensure a culturally rich adventure of discovery through the Himalayan landscape and traditions of Bhutan. ACCOMMODATIONS Mountain Resort - Bumthang, Bhutan Set against a sacred cloud forest a short distance below Bumthang's Jakar Dzong (fortress), our family-run lodge in Central Bhutan features the best elements of traditional architecture, including flagstones of river rock, the beautiful wood-and-stone masonry construction of Central Bhutan, and spacious rooms with wood paneling and post and beams of fragrant pine. Guests can enjoy a healing soak in traditional "hot stone" baths enhanced, in accordance with indigenous practices, by mugwort and other medicinal herbs. It's our perfect base for exploring the ample beauties and blessings of the central highlands of Bhutan. DATES & PRICES 2021 Dates October 22 - November 02, 2021 (tentative post-covid recovery dates) 2022 Dates September 29 - October 10, 2022 October 22 - November 02, 2022 2021 Pricing $4,500 Per Person 2022 Pricing $4,500 Per Person Prices are per person based on double occupancy and do not include international airfare to/from your destination or internal flights during the expedition. Single traveler prices are available upon request. Internal flights are $980 per person & $175 per person where a short-duration flight is included on the itinerary. Surcharges may apply to certain travel dates based upon international or local holidays, as well as local events and festivals. All prices and fares are quoted in U.S. dollars and subject to change. WHAT'S INCLUDED All ground transportation, visas for Bhutan and airport transfers All Accommodations All meals, including excursions to try well-known local restaurants The expertise and services of your Bhutanese Trip Leaders, Guides & dedicated trip field staff Courtesy booking services & arrangements for round-trip regional flights from gateway cities (such as Bangkok) to Bhutan & any internal domestic flights (airfare is additional ). Sightseeing, special events & receptions, visits and entry fees All environmental national parks & conservation fees and permits All Trek Arrangements (if you signed up for a trek), including community camping and commissary equipment (comfortable and roomy two-person tents, kitchen and dining tents, and other community equipment), camp, cook and support staff WHAT'S NOT INCLUDED Airfare to and from the destination, as well as internal airfare where applicable Trip cancellation insurance or any other travel insurance Alcoholic beverages Gratuities GUEST COMMENT “Through the eyes of a select few informed leaders, we saw the dilemmas of a culture: A hitherto sheltered nation discovering the arguments for and against remaining a cloistered society in this 21st Century. I loved the adventure, and I loved the discovery. Unlike anything else I have ever experienced!” ~ Lola W GETTING THERE Fly from your home city to Bangkok, Singapore, New Delhi Kolkata or Kathmandu (Main Gateway Cities)* Overnight Fly from Gateway City to Paro, Bhutan. Important: Bhutan Himalaya Expeditions makes round-trip flight arrangements from the Gateway City of your choice to Bhutan as a courtesy to our travelers. Airfare is not included in trip price. For further details please email us using the contact form on our Request Full Details page. *Bangkok is the primary Gateway City & offers the most frequent and most reliable flights to Bhutan. PRIVATE TRIPS CUSTOM JOURNEYS TAILORED JUST FOR YOU ___ Did you know we also arrange custom journeys throughout the year? Just tell us what you need from your trip and we will put it together for you. REQUEST DETAILS HERE TRAVEL EXTENSIONS TO CAMBODIA & LAOS ___ (with optional Bangkok Transit arrangements) If you'd like to spend a little more time exploring the magnificent World Heritage sites of Cambodia and Laos before or after Bhutan with arrangements in and out of Bangkok, we can take care of those details as well. Tie in a visit to the awe-inspiring temples of Angkor Wat or explore the quaint streets of Luang Prabang where French Colonial meets a distinctly unique Asian sensibility. START THE CONVERSATION REGIONAL EXTENSIONS | SPOTLIGHT | LONG READS

More indepth articles and features about Bhutanese culture and travel from our in-house writer and various contributors... THIS MONTH'S Long Reads Deep dive with a textile journalist to learn about Bhutan's rich weaving traditions, explore why art in Bhutan is rarely about the artist, and read about what makes Bhutanese people happy (hint: it's about family) READ ARTICLES More Suggested Reading TRAVEL SNAPSHOTS GUEST VIGNETTES INSIGHTS LEARN MORE FEATURE ARTICLES FOR YOUR INFORMATION TRIP ARCHIVES PAST JOURNEYS

Contact us, reserve space on a group journey, request a private trip or information on upcoming journeys, our Bhutan feature articles and more... Let’s talk Tell us about your trip: First Name Last Name Email Address Email Subject Any details you'd like to share (optional: trip name/brief description) Submit Thank you for filling out this form! Please confirm your participation by clicking the confirmation link we've sent to your inbox. If you don't see it there please check your spam folder. We look forward to sharing Bhutan with you! Your daytime phone number if you'd like us to call you: How soon do you plan to travel? Select *I want to receive upcoming trips information & other news & features from Bhutan Himalaya Expeditions | View terms of use Search Travel Bhutan Abundance: a summer journey JOURNEYS Blessings of Bhutan Bhutan’s Jomolhari Trek Heart of Happiness Trek to Treasure Lake On the Wings of Prayer Punakha’s Pageant of Warriors Bhutan in the Time of Rhododendrons SEE ALL JOURNEYS Stories Hidden Lands of Happiness SPOTLIGHT Wild Wild East: How an ancient matriarch led her people to Bhutan Our top 10 reasons why you should visit Bhutan in 2023 How the brown trout came to Bhutan's lakes and rivers The top 10 mask dances to see in Bhutan Pomp & circumstance at Bhutan's warriors festival A journey to learn about Gross National Happiness SEE ALL STORIES Us The Bhutan Himalaya Difference ABOUT US Who we are The Bhutan Himalaya Difference What Our Travelers Say Our Team Meet our latest hires CONTACT US

IN FOCUS The Gelephu Mindfulness City: Bhutan's bold new urban experiment Bhutan Himalaya Editors Bhutan Himalaya Editors Facebook X (Twitter) WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link Balancing the kingdom's past and the future, the chief abbot of the kingdom's monastic institutions consecrates the ground for the project by honoring nature divinities that are integral to Bhutan's Vajrayana Buddhist faith. © The Gelephu Mindfulness City Project Home > Stories > Current Page Facebook X (Twitter) WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link With thoughtful itineraries honed since 1999, we unveil the depths of Bhutan's happiness philosophy, the daily physical adventures through the beautiful Himalayan landscape complemented by the intimate and in-depth cultural experiences sensitively curated for you every day. Questions? Get in touch with us Through the eyes of a select few informed leaders we saw the dilemmas of a culture: A hitherto sheltered nation discovering the arguments for and against remaining a cloistered society in this 21st Century. I loved the adventure, and I loved the discovery. Unlike anything else I have ever experienced! Lola W., California Get similar features & travel information straight to your inbox with the Bhutan Himalaya Newsletter IN THE SOUTHERN foothills of Bhutan, an urban project is taking shape. The Gelephu Mindfulness City, or GMC, announced by His Majesty the King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck in December 2023 reimagines what a city can be in the 21st century. A conceptual rendering of the future city © The Gelephu Mindfulness City Project A City of Vision and Values The Gelephu Mindfulness City Special Administrative Region (SAR) covers 2,500 square kilometers. It aims to create an enlightened economic center arising from Bhutan's age-old Himalayan Buddhist values and traditions. The city's design, by the Bjarke Ingels Group (BIG), reflects Bhutan's commitment to balance progress and preservation. Eleven neighborhoods, inspired by the concept of a Mandala—the sacred Hindu and Buddhist cosmogram—integrate with the region's 35 rivers and streams. This layout connects the urban area to nature, respect for which is foundational to Bhutanese culture, expressed as one of the “four pillars” of the kingdom’s vision of “Gross National Happiness” for its people. Economic Focus The Gelephu Mindfulness City project aims to bring Bhutanese talent home and create opportunities for youth. The city will focus on seven economic clusters: spirituality, health and wellness, education, green energy and tech, finance, agri-tech, and aviation. This economic base is expected to generate jobs and entrepreneurial opportunities. The city aims to attract professionals in renewable energy, wellness, agri-tech, and finance. A conceptual rendering of the future city © The Gelephu Mindfulness City Project Sustainability in Design In line with Bhutan's carbon-negative status, sustainability is central to Gelephu's plan. The city will use hydroelectric power, clean mobility solutions, and carbon-neutral building designs. According to various press releases and concept statements, streets in the GMC will use permeable materials for stormwater management, and urban agriculture will be part of the cityscape, an approach that aims to ensure environmental sustainability and preserve Bhutan's agricultural heritage. A conceptual rendering of the future city © The Gelephu Mindfulness City Project A Model of Development As urbanization and climate change present global challenges, the Gelephu Mindfulness City is presented as a potential model for urban development. The project's plans and proposals seek to show how economic growth can align with nature and cultural values. The project has attracted international attention, with endorsements from Nobel laureates and tech leaders at the recent Bhutan Innovation Forum. This interest could lead to investment and partnerships, potentially boosting Bhutan's economy and global position. The project is not without challenges. Its footprint in an eco-sensitive zone requires careful planning to balance development with environmental preservation. But proponents of the project say such challenges provide opportunities for innovation, and that the city could be a testing ground for sustainable technologies and new and dynamic urban planning practices. According to the project's leaders, the Gelephu Mindfulness City is a bold new initiative aimed at shaping the kingdom’s future while honoring its past. It aims to create a space where economic opportunities coexist with spiritual well-being and environmental stewardship. To receive similar updates in your inbox, please subscribe to our newsletter Email* Yes, subscribe me to your newsletter. Submit Swipe left above for more See our upcoming journeys Celebrating 40 years of Bhutan Foundation at the spectacular Royal Highland Festival Celebrating 40 years of Bhutan Foundation at the spectacular Royal Highland Festival Marvels & mask dances: celebrating the beauty and cultural treasures of Bhutan Cultural Treasures of Bhutan Timeless Bhutan: In the Footsteps of Monica & Fritz von Schulthess Journey to Bhutan's spectacular Royal Highland Festival & Beyond Trek to Treasure Lake, Trongsa Festival & Tiger’s Nest-3 Conservation, culture and the grand Trongsa Festival Bhutan conservation, culture, mythology & overland from western to central highlands Lodge to lodge trekking on the epic Trans Bhutan Trail Ancient Kathmandu and hidden Trisuli with optional Chitwan National Park In-depth cultural exploration of Bhutan View all journeys _________ Travel Logistics Organizer for CBS 60 Minutes 2024 special report on Bhutan “First, thank you for making my trip to Bhutan run smoothly. Second, for explaining your culture and customs to me and our team in a way that helped our 60 MINS story come alive. Third, for making the visit seriously fun!” ~ Lesley Stahl, Correspondent, CBS 60 Minutes, September 2024 Search Travel Bhutan Abundance: A summer journey DEPARTURES Blessings of Bhutan Bhutan's Jomolhari Trek Heart of Happiness Trek to Treasure Lake On the Wings of Prayer Punakha's Pageant of Warriors Bhutan in the Time of Rhododendrons SEE ALL JOURNEYS Stories Hidden Lands of Happiness SPOTLIGHT Wild Wild East: How an ancient matriarch led her people to Bhutan Our top 10 reasons why you should visit Bhutan in 2023 How the brown trout came to Bhutan's lakes and rivers The top 10 mask dances to see in Bhutan Pomp & circumstance at Bhutan's warriors festival A journey to learn about Gross National Happiness SEE ALL STORIES Us The Bhutan Himalaya Difference ABOUT US Who we are The Bhutan Himalaya Difference What our travelers say Our Team Meet our latest hires CONTACT US

IN FOCUS Bhutan’s Royal Manas National Park: Crown Jewel of the Eastern Himalayas Bhutan Himalaya Expeditions Bhutan Himalaya Expeditions Facebook X (Twitter) WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link Home > Stories > Current Page Facebook X (Twitter) WhatsApp LinkedIn Pinterest Copy link With thoughtful itineraries honed since 1999, we unveil the depths of Bhutan's happiness philosophy, the daily physical adventures through the beautiful Himalayan landscape complemented by the intimate and in-depth cultural experiences sensitively curated for you every day. Questions? Get in touch with us Through the eyes of a select few informed leaders we saw the dilemmas of a culture: A hitherto sheltered nation discovering the arguments for and against remaining a cloistered society in this 21st Century. I loved the adventure, and I loved the discovery. Unlike anything else I have ever experienced! Lola W., California Get similar features & travel information straight to your inbox with the Bhutan Himalaya Newsletter TUCKED INTO THE lush foothills where the Himalayas meet the steamy plains of South Asia, Royal Manas National Park is Bhutan’s oldest and most celebrated protected area—a living tapestry of wild rivers, emerald forests, and rare wildlife. For the adventurous, this national park promises breathtaking landscapes, plus an immersion into one of the world’s richest ecological and cultural corridors. A Landscape of Dramatic Contrasts Spanning more than a thousand square kilometers, Royal Manas National Park stretches from the lowland floodplains of the Manas River to the lush, mist-shrouded ridges of the Himalayan foothills. This dramatic altitudinal range creates a mosaic of habitats: tropical monsoon forests, subtropical woodlands, broadleaf forests, and grassy riverbeds, all teeming with life. The mighty Manas River, Bhutan’s largest, carves through the heart of the park, its tributaries feeding dense jungles and supporting a vibrant web of biodiversity. A Sanctuary for the Rare and the Remarkable Royal Manas is a sanctuary for some of the most elusive and endangered animals on Earth. Here, you may even catch a glimpse of the Royal Bengal Tiger stalking through the undergrowth, or marvel at the gentle majesty of wild Asian elephants and the rare one-horned rhinoceros—the only park in Bhutan where these giants roam. The golden langur, pygmy hog, clouded leopard, and wild water buffalo add to the park’s legendary status among wildlife enthusiasts. For birdwatchers, it’s a veritable treasure trove. Over four hundred species have been recorded here, including the great Indian hornbill, rufous-necked hornbill, white-bellied heron, and the dazzling emerald cuckoo. The Manas River, from which the park takes its name, is itself home to the rare Ganges river dolphin and three species of prized mahseer fish, making it a habitat for rich aquatic life. A Living Heritage: Culture, Community and Ecotourism Royal Manas is not just about wilderness—it's also a living cultural landscape. Several thousand people call the small, remote villages within the park their home, their lives intimately tied to the rhythms of the forest and the river. Visitors can experience the traditions of the indigenous Khengpa people, from their bamboo-walled homes to the local hospitality customs and pastimes, and savor meals prepared from forest-foraged ingredients. The park’s ecotourism activities include guided wildlife safaris, river rafting, elephant-back rides, and birdwatching strolls to spot rare and endangered birds. Well-marked trails wind through forests and grasslands, with occasional wildlife sightings and panoramic views. Cultural experiences include a day with local villagers, learning traditional crafts, or enjoying a cup of local millet brew at an eco-camp surrounded by the sounds of the jungle and the river. A Conservation Corridor Like No Other What sets Royal Manas apart is its role in a vast, transboundary conservation corridor. The park connects seamlessly with Bhutan’s other protected areas to the north and India’s Manas Tiger Reserve to the south, creating a safe passage for wildlife across borders and altitudes. This innovative approach ensures the survival of countless species and preserves the ecological integrity of the Eastern Himalayas for future generations. Early Protection Efforts Royal Manas National Park was first given formal protection in 1964, when it was set aside as a forest reserve and then recognized as the Manas Wildlife Sanctuary. In 1993, the government recognized the region’s crucial ecological value and upgraded its status, officially establishing it as Royal Manas National Park. This change also involved merging the Namgyel Wangchuck Reserve with the original sanctuary, expanding the park’s boundaries and conservation responsibilities. Royal Manas National Park soon became a centerpiece for conservation planning in Bhutan. In the early 1990s, it was among the first projects to receive support from the Bhutan Trust Fund, which helped build infrastructure and conduct important biological and socio-economic surveys. The park was the first in Bhutan to have a formal management plan, which was carried out from 1995 to 2000. Role in National and Regional Conservation Today, Royal Manas National Park is a key part of the Bhutan Biological Conservation Complex, a large network of protected areas and wildlife corridors that weave together more than half of Bhutan’s total land area. The Royal Manas National Park serves as an excellent model for environmental conservation, protecting a wealth of plant and animal life while promoting the cultures and livelihoods of the indigenous people who live there, demonstrating the country’s commitment to preserving the stunning diversity of our global heritage. To receive similar updates in your inbox, please subscribe to our newsletter Email* Yes, subscribe me to your newsletter. Submit Swipe left above for more See our upcoming journeys Celebrating 40 years of Bhutan Foundation at the spectacular Royal Highland Festival Celebrating 40 years of Bhutan Foundation at the spectacular Royal Highland Festival Marvels & mask dances: celebrating the beauty and cultural treasures of Bhutan Cultural Treasures of Bhutan Timeless Bhutan: In the Footsteps of Monica & Fritz von Schulthess Journey to Bhutan's spectacular Royal Highland Festival & Beyond Trek to Treasure Lake, Trongsa Festival & Tiger’s Nest-3 Conservation, culture and the grand Trongsa Festival Bhutan conservation, culture, mythology & overland from western to central highlands Lodge to lodge trekking on the epic Trans Bhutan Trail Ancient Kathmandu and hidden Trisuli with optional Chitwan National Park In-depth cultural exploration of Bhutan View all journeys _________ Travel Logistics Organizer for CBS 60 Minutes 2024 special report on Bhutan “First, thank you for making my trip to Bhutan run smoothly. Second, for explaining your culture and customs to me and our team in a way that helped our 60 MINS story come alive. Third, for making the visit seriously fun!” ~ Lesley Stahl, Correspondent, CBS 60 Minutes, September 2024 Search Travel Bhutan Abundance: A summer journey DEPARTURES Blessings of Bhutan Bhutan's Jomolhari Trek Heart of Happiness Trek to Treasure Lake On the Wings of Prayer Punakha's Pageant of Warriors Bhutan in the Time of Rhododendrons SEE ALL JOURNEYS Stories Hidden Lands of Happiness SPOTLIGHT Wild Wild East: How an ancient matriarch led her people to Bhutan Our top 10 reasons why you should visit Bhutan in 2023 How the brown trout came to Bhutan's lakes and rivers The top 10 mask dances to see in Bhutan Pomp & circumstance at Bhutan's warriors festival A journey to learn about Gross National Happiness SEE ALL STORIES Us The Bhutan Himalaya Difference ABOUT US Who we are The Bhutan Himalaya Difference What our travelers say Our Team Meet our latest hires CONTACT US